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Home / Peer Reviewed Articles Accommodations and Modifications for Students With Special Needs

Peer Reviewed Articles Accommodations and Modifications for Students With Special Needs

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Accommodations and supports are designed to minimize obstacles to learning or participating in the educational environment. The accommodations and supports your child receives will depend on your child'due south needs and the goals set up in the Individualized Didactics Program (IEP) or 504 Plan. The list beneath contains some common ones used with students on the autism spectrum. Many of the supports listed are visual. Often children on the autism spectrum are visual learners, meaning they process data improve when it is shown to them. Visual supports tin likewise assistance children on the spectrum express themselves better.

Brand sure to include specifics in your child's IEP most when and how all accommodations and supports are to be used. And make sure you lot learn how to apply strategies that are used at school at home. Many of the tools used at schoolhouse will also be helpful at home when used in a consistent style.

Social Stories™: Social Stories™ describe an result or situation with the intent of explaining the circumstances, perspectives, and expected behaviors that occur during the event or situation. To be effective, Social Stories™ should be highly individualized. Oft, they may include pictures or photos of the individuals involved. They can exist especially helpful when preparing for an out of the ordinary situation, such as school motion picture twenty-four hour period or a fire warning, or when preparing for a new or difficult activeness, for case, going to a eating house, on a field trip, to a party, or to the dentist. Once created, a Social Story™ should be read to the individual many times until the expectations conveyed in the story are well understood. Social Stories™ can be created on an iPad® or other electronic device, which may brand them more than accessible and/or desirable for some students.

Flick Schedules: Ane of the common features of many individuals on the autism spectrum is the need for routine and structure. Moving picture schedules provide a visual representation of what is going to happen during the 24-hour interval or inside a certain part of the day (for instance, the details of a certain activity). They are helpful in reducing worry over "what comes next" and in helping polish transitions. To be most effective, teachers and caregivers should bank check off or otherwise indicate when an activity has been completed (or have the child do it)

Pick Boards: Choice boards display a limited number of options for activities. Sometimes individuals on the autism spectrum take difficulty figuring out what to practise next. A selection lath can assist simplify the conclusion making procedure and promote independence.

Visual Communication Systems: Every private on the autism spectrum has difficulty with communication, whether or not they are able to speak. A visual advice arrangement uses flick symbols in place of words and can be useful to some caste with all children, regardless of exact language ability. Two common visual communication systems are the Picture Commutation Advice System™ (PECS) and sign linguistic communication.

Beliefs Charts/Reward Systems: Behavior charts and reward systems are a good mode to positively reinforce desired behaviors. They target only a few behaviors to influence at a time and and so keep track of how many times the behavior is achieved past using tokens, stickers, smiley faces, or another visual reminder of accomplishment. When a sure number of tokens are earned, they can be turned in for a larger incentive. Incentives and goals should be constantly monitored to make certain they remain appropriate and encouraging.

Reckoner Apply: Handwriting can be difficult for many children on the autism spectrum. If your child tin can type faster than he or she can write, it may exist a proficient thought to accept your kid utilize a computer to take notes and to consummate written assignments. Additionally, computers tin can be good for organizing materials. Rather than have a folder with handouts, handouts can exist emailed to your kid or downloaded from a key site, and your child can shop them on a computer. A teacher or parent may demand to assist the child in coming up with a good organisation system for the computer.

Extra Time: Students on the autism spectrum may need longer to reach certain tasks than their typically developing peers need. For example, actress time may exist provided to have tests or quizzes, to turn in homework and/or projects, or fifty-fifty to become to and from class. Some students on the autism spectrum are dismissed from each class a few minutes early on then they tin can navigate the hallways when they are not so congested. The benefits of early dismissal demand to exist weighed against the loss of time in the classroom – particularly if the teacher tends to make or explicate assignments at the terminate of grade. If it is adamant that actress time between classes is needed, an accommodation can be made for how the pupil is assigned homework (for example, by receiving a sail that explains the assignment in item and providing some other fourth dimension in the day for the student  to ask for clarification).

Organizational Support: Students on the spectrum tin can confront a number of organizational challenges at school. These can relate to losing or forgetting things (such as losing homework or papers, forgetting to plow things in, not knowing what homework is assigned, coming to form without needed books or supplies, and forgetting permission slips, lunch money, or gym dress). Organizational challenges may also relate to organization of thought (every bit required in writing a paper or figuring out gild of operations in a math problem). Checklists, folder systems, color-coded class materials, daily binder checks, assignment notebooks, visual prompts, electronic reminders, and graphic organizers tin can be used to help, if the student is taught how to use them. Don't effort too many new systems at once, however, as this can be overwhelming. Give time for a new system to exist learned and become routine before evaluating its effectiveness and trying a new strategy.

Help with Class Notes: If your student has a hard fourth dimension listening and taking notes at the same time, there may be alternatives to classic note taking. Some students are permitted to tape tape class, utilize another student's notes, or utilize the teacher's outline for the form.

Homework Modifications: Some students on the autism spectrum have a reduced homework load or don't accept any homework at all. Others receive more fourth dimension to practise long term-projects, or have projects assigned in smaller chunks. Some students benefit from seeing a sample project or paper so they tin visualize what is expected.

Preferential Seating: Students on the spectrum may be easily distracted in the classroom. Many students benefit from being seated close to where the teacher usually speaks. Others may demand to be separated from noisier students or from windows, air vents, or other classroom distractions.

Timers: Depending on the child, timers can exist a good manner to remind a child it is time to stop one activity and begin some other. Finding a timer that provides a warning before fourth dimension expires is platonic. Otherwise, the timer may be feet provoking and more of a problem than a do good.

Communication Book: Children brand the nigh progress when there is adept advice between habitation and school. One way to ensure this is to fix a regular method of respective. Communication books are notebooks that travel back and forth from home and school and include brusk notes by the teacher and parents. Sometimes they include checklists or rating scales to permit parents know how the kid is doing in school with respect to item areas existence monitored. Teachers can permit parents know about the child's solar day and provide ways to reinforce learning at habitation. There should be a place for parents to write nearly difficulties they are having at home or comment on new strategies or therapies that are working. Everyone is decorated, so don't expect pages of detailed information. The purpose of the communication book is non to provide daily progress on IEP goals. Information technology is to promote an open dialogue between parents and educators.

Fidgets: A fidget is an item that your child can hold that may help with attention, calming, and focus – or, depending on the fidget and the child, it can be a distraction. Examples include a stress brawl, cord, or a small car with wheels to turn. Fidgets should be saved for situations in which attention is of import and should be taken abroad after the situation ends. Otherwise, they may get mutual place and lose their desired effect. Also, it is important to constantly reevaluate the demand for and effectiveness of fidgets, and to have more than one choice at the set should a beneficial fidget loose its usefulness.

Frequent Breaks: Some students on the autism spectrum are not capable of staying engaged in activities as long as their peers. These children may benefit from breaks outside of the energy of the classroom. Sometimes having a quiet place to get is enough to prepare the student to reengage in the classroom environment. For others, it is the motion – the walk to another role of the school – that is benign.

Many of the accommodations listed higher up are referred to as "Assistive Technology." Assistive Engineering is whatever item, piece of equipment, or product system, whether modified or customized, that is used to increase, maintain, or amend functional capabilities of individuals with disabilities. Assistive Applied science tin exist low-tech, including laminated film schedules, or high-tech, such as the employ of an iPad® to create Social Stories™ or otherwise help a child transition between activities.

Related Articles:

  • IEP Basics for Families of School-Age Students
  • 504 Nuts
  • Supports for Students with ASD on Field Trips
  • Picture Exchange Communication System
  • American Sign Language
  • Behavior Intervention Plan
  • Classroom Assessments/Curriculum-Based Assessments
  • Executive Functioning Difficulties

Additional Resources:

  • Visual Supports and Autism Spectrum Disorder
  • Online Accommodations Bibliography
  • Assistive Engineering science for Children with Autism
  • Assistive Applied science in the IEP
  • Assessment and Accommodations
  • Supports, Modifications, and Accommodations for Students

The Center for Autism Inquiry and The Children's Infirmary of Philadelphia practice not endorse or recommend whatever specific person or system or form of treatment. The information included inside the Car Autism Roadmap™ and Automobile Resource Directory™ should not be considered medical advice and should serve only as a guide to resources publicly and privately available. Choosing a treatment, course of activeness, and/or a resource is a personal decision, which should take into account each individual's and family's detail circumstances.

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Source: https://carautismroadmap.org/accommodations-and-supports-for-school-age-students-with-asd/